An apple a day keeps the doctor away

One of the variants of the Pembrokeshire rhyme "eat an apple on going to bed and you'll keep the doctor from earning his bread", is the most common English-language proverb "an apple a day keeps the doctor away". The rhyme is said to have been penned down in the late 18th century whereas the proverb was coined in the early 19th century. 

Apples are rich in Vitamin C and fibre hold a good claim in promoting health. A plant pigment named quercetin found in apples protect brain cells against various neuro-degenerative disorders including asthma and Alzheimer's disease. The antioxidants and phytonutrients in apples also help in reducing the risk of developing cancer, diabetes, hypertension and various heart diseases. However, researchers believe that the medicinal properties of an apple was not exalted when the proverb was coined.

A team of  experts decided to investigate the medical proverb's success in daily life. However, they realized that an apple a day did not keep the doctor away but it did keep the pharmacist at bay. Eventually, with further analysis on the relationship between apple-eating and visiting doctors, experts revealed that eating less than 149gm of raw apple is equal to not eating one. Taking a person's socio-demographic and health characteristics into consideration, he/she is more likely to visit a doctor at least twice a year. 

The data taken from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey which was conducted during the years 2007-08 and 2009-10 revealed that people consuming apple on daily basis had higher educational attainment and were less likely to smoke. Another study related to women's health states that women consuming apples daily have a 13 to 22% chances to avoid cardiovascular diseases.

Digging deeper into the proverb using statistical analysis, researchers proved that daily apple eaters were more likely to dodge prescription medicines compared to non-apple eaters. However, the association between eating apples and keeping the doctor away failed to hold true.

After numerous studies, the researchers came to a conclusion that only one finding supported the proverb - people consuming apples daily are more likely to avoid prescription medicines compared to non-apple eaters.

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